The moral
guidelines that govern the use of computers, mobile devices and information
systems.
AREAS OF COMPUTER ETHICS :
·
Information accuracy
·
Green computing
·
Codes of conduct
·
Intelectual property
·
Information privacy
INFORMATION ACCURACY
·
One
of the concern because many users access information maintained by other people
or companies, such as on the Internet.
·
Do not assume
all the information on the Web is correct.
·
Users
should evaluate the value of a Web page before relying on its content.
·
Be
aware that the organization providing access to the information may not be the creator
of the information.
GREEN COMPUTING
Green computing is the environmentally responsible and
eco-friendly use of computers and their resources. In broader terms, it is also
defined as the study of designing, manufacturing/engineering, using and
disposing of computing devices in a way that reduces their environmental
impact.
• Involves reducing the electricity
and environmental waste while using a computer.
• Society has become aware of this
waste and is taking measures to combat it.
• Some of the actions that has been
taken:
i)
Using energy- efficient
devices that require little power when
they are not in use.
ii)
Buy
computers with low power consumption processors and power supplies.
iii)
When
possible, use outside air to cool the data center.
• Average computer users can employ
the following general tactics to make their computing usage more green:
i)
Use
the hibernate or sleep mode when away from a computer for
extended periods.
ii)
Use
flat-screen or LCD monitors, instead of conventional cathode ray
tube (CRT) monitors.
iii)
Buy
energy efficient notebook computers, instead of desktop
computers.
iv)
Activate
the power management features for controlling energy consumption.
v)
Turn off computers
at the end of each day.
vi)
Refill
printer cartridges, rather than buying new ones.
CODES OF CONDUCT
Written guideline
that helps determine whether a specific action is ethical/unethical or allowed/not
allowed.
INTELECTUAL PROPERTY
·
Unique and original works such as ideas, inventions, literary and artistic works, processes,
names and logos.Or, refers to creations of the mind: inventions,
literary and artistic works, and symbols, names, images, and designs used
in commerce.Intellectual property rights are the rights to which
creators are entitled for their work.
i)
PATENT
a)
A
patent is a set of exclusive rights granted by a government to an
inventor or applicant for a limited amount of time (normally 20 years from
the filing date).
b)
It
is a legal document defining ownership of a particular area of new
technology.
c)
Invention - a
product or a process that provides a new way of doing something, or
offers a new technical solution to a problem.
d)
The
right granted by a patent excludes all others from making, using, or selling
an invention or products made by an invented process.
ii)
TRADEMARK
a)
Trademark
is a word, phrase, symbol, design, combination of letters or numbers, or
other device that identifies and distinguishes products and
services in the marketplace.
b)
Or
a distinctive sign which identifies certain goods or services.
c)
Or
can be any distinctive name or logo.
d)
Examples
of well-known Trademarks are:
Coca-Cola ,Samsung,The
Apple logo ,The Nike “swoosh”.
iii)
COPYRIGHT
a)
Protection
provided to the authors of “original works” and includes such things as literary,
dramatic, musical, artistic, and certain other intellectual creations, both
published and unpublished.
b)
Copyright
is an exclusive right and gives its creator, or owner :
# To
reproduce the copyrighted work
# To
prepare derivative works
# To
distribute and sell any copies of the copyrighted work
# To
perform or display the copyrighted work publicly
IMPORTANT OD INTELECTUAL PROPERTY
* To protect any original work that
created by individual person/ company for example,
image, drawing, lyric,
publishing and so on.
* Preserve the features and processes
that make things work. This lets inventors profit from their inventions
INFORMATION PRIVACY
- The
right of individuals and companies to deny or restrict the collection, use, and
dissemination of information about them.
- The privacy of personal information and usually relates to personal data stored on
computer systems.
- The
need to maintain information privacy is applicable to collected
personal information such as medical records, financial data, criminal records,
political records, business related information or website data.
- Information
privacy is also known as data privacy
